雇员“吹哨”的正当性及其限度

雇员向媒体或有关监管部门"吹哨",可以及时制止公司违法甚至侵害公众利益的行为,起到减轻政府监管压力的作用。但是雇员的吹哨行为在维护公共利益的同时,却违背了对公司的忠诚义务。雇员"吹哨"的正当性源于行使宪法赋予的言论自由权利,并保护公众利益。如何规范雇员吹哨,控制雇员吹哨的副作用,是我国法制建设当前面临的重要课题。通过员工"吹哨"实现社会有效监督的关键在于依法明确各项权利行使的边界。雇员吹哨的动机及实现的社会效果都是衡量这一边界的重要因素。通过相关配套措施的构建引导雇员在边界内理性"吹哨",从而真正实现对公共利益的保护。     

Determinants of legislative turnover in Western Europe, 1945–2015

This article explains legislative turnover in eight West European legislatures over 152 general elections in the period 1945–2015. Turnover is measured as the rate of individual membership change in unicameral or lower chambers. It is the outcome of a legislative recruitment process with a supply and a demand side. Decisions made by contenders affect supply, while decisions made by parties and voters influence demand. Such decisions are shaped by four political and institutional factors: the institutional context of political careers, or structure of political career opportunities; political party characteristics; electoral swings; and electoral systems. Ten specific hypotheses are tested within this theoretical framework. The structure of political career opportunities is the most decisive factor explaining variability in turnover rates, followed by electoral swings and political parties. Electoral systems show less substantive effects. Electoral volatility is the predictor with the most substantive effects, followed by duration of legislative term, strength of bicameralism, regional authority, gender quotas, level of legislative income and district magnitude.     

预告期性质研究 —— 基于劳动者和用人单位双重视角下的分析

预告期作为劳动者辞职或用人单位预告解雇的期限,其性质的阐明关乎实践中诸多问题的厘清。在肯定预告解除权为形成权的同时,认可预告期"始期说"的内在性质,在"程序说"与"条件说"的外在性质辨析,在法律、集体合同、劳动合同关于预告期规定的选择中不囿于现有学说,在适当倾斜保护劳动者利益以及增强劳动力市场灵活性的同时,提出区分预告解除主体,根据具体情况分别适用。     

合同一般法定解除条件探微

违反从给付义务必须达到相对人的合同目的因此而落空的程度才允许解除合同。不可抗力致使不能实现合同目的作为合同解除的条件,尚无废除的必要。不能实现合同目的可被解释为严重影响订立合同所期望的经济利益。在金钱给付作为合同标的场合,付款迟延情况下的解除合同必须从严把握。     

论我国公司司法解散的不足与完善——兼评我国《公司法》第183条之规定

我国新修订的公司法为股东提起解散公司之诉提供了法律依据,但立法的不足也是明显的,包括解散事由的过分狭窄、提起诉讼主体的单一、缺乏必要的过渡安排和前置条件的限制等,这将影响公司法在解决公司僵局、保护股东权益方面发挥应有的作用.针对现行立法的不足,在公司法作进一步的修订之前,必须为司法操作提供合理的空间.     

公司僵局及其调解解决

公司僵局是在公司运营的过程中由于股东之间或者公司管理层之间出现了不可调和的矛盾和冲突,致使公司陷入瘫痪或无法正常经营的情形.我国在2005年颁布的新<公司法>第183条中明文规定了在此种情形下的公司司法解散制度.由于公司僵局产生的原因和公司具体形态的不同,可以采用不同的救济途径,调解就是其中之一.调解解决公司僵局更有利于僵局的解除,并降低交易成本.     

Insecure Attachment Mediates Effects of Partners’ Emotional Abuse and Violence on Women’s Relationship Quality

Men’s emotional abuse and violence have a broad and pervasive impact on women that may include long-term effects on women’s attachment and relationship quality. In this longitudinal study, women’s Wave 6 ratings of their insecure attachment were hypothesized to mediate the relationship between partners’ Wave 5 abuse (emotional and physical) and Wave 6 relationship quality, with differences in associations by women’s Wave 5 self-classification as secure or insecure. Mediation was tested with data from a sample of 574 African American, Euro-American, and Mexican American community women who had completed at least three waves of a six wave study. Differences occurred in the final structural equation models by women’s Wave 5 attachment style, with direct paths from emotional abuse to insecure attachment and from violence to relationship quality for both groups, but direct effects of violence on relationship quality only for insecurely attached women.     

现代科技条件下中国传统道德的消解、转化与接纳

现代科技正消解着中国传统道德的基础、宗旨、价值与权威,传统道德的整体性思维向现代科学思维转化,实践主体向人的主体转化,伦理价值向实践价值转化。由于在现代性的冲击下传统道德已失去原有的系统性,因而需要重铸,将现实性与超越性联系起来,在人本、求真、至善的层面寻求现代科技与传统道德的互相接纳。     

National parliamentary control and voting in the Council of the European Union

This article explores the different ways governments express dissent in the Council of the European Union (EU) through ‘No’ votes, abstentions and recorded negative statements. A game-theoretical model is presented that studies voting behaviour and analyses how the national parliaments’ levels of control over their governments’ EU policies affect it. It is concluded that governments that are strongly controlled by their parliaments are not more likely to express dissent. However, when they do express dissent, they vote ‘No’ more often. Parliamentary control depends on the presence of formal oversight institutions as well as the motivation of parliamentarians to hold their governments accountable. Empirical support is found in an analysis of votes on 1,387 legislative proposals that represent more than a decade of Council decision making in the period 2004–2014. This article contributes to the discussion on the involvement of national parliaments in EU affairs, and clearly distinguishes the different forms of dissent in Council decision making.     

法律文化的冲突与消解——以法律全球化为视角

经济全球化引发的法律全球化主要是从法律的技术层面而言,指的是法律规范、法律设施和法律运行方式、方法等法律自身要素和情形的全球化;它是当下深入研究法律文化问题的重要背景和分析视角。法律全球化背景下,法律文化冲突在实质上体现为影响与反影响、排斥与妥协、对抗与协调、竞争与共存的关系。在此背景下,法律文化不仅仅是冲突更是冲突的消解,即通过理解与重释异己法律文化,拆解对抗,使法律文化冲突归于整合,出现并立或共存;多元主体的交往、全球治理规则的开放性是法律文化冲突消解的重要因素,而经济发展则是最终决定因素。